Rooting hormones: what they are and how to use them

In the world of horticulture and, more specifically, in cannabis cultivation, the success of a healthy and productive crop often begins with a fundamental step: the effective rooting of the plants. This is where rooting hormones come into play, essential components that play a crucial role in promoting strong, healthy root development. These hormones, used by hobbyists and professionals alike, are the springboard for vigorous growth and vitality of cannabis plants.

Rooting hormones are chemical compounds that stimulate root development in plant cuttings. They can be found in gel, powder or liquid form and are applied to the base of the cutting before planting it in the substrate. These hormones help speed up and improve the rooting process, increasing the chances of success when propagating plants by cuttings.

What are Rooting Hormones ?

Rooting hormones are chemicals that play a vital role in stimulating and developing new roots in plants. These hormones, scientifically known as auxins, are essential for the rooting process, especially when trying to propagate plants through cuttings. They work by imitating the plants' natural signals, encouraging root growth at the cutting points of the cuttings, which is crucial for the survival and healthy growth of the new plant.

Auxins are the most common and well-known rooting hormones, with indole acetic acid (IAA) being one of the most common forms. These hormones help regulate various aspects of plant growth and development, including cell elongation, tissue differentiation, and root formation.

Regarding the types of rooting hormones, they are mainly found in three forms:

• Liquid Rooting Hormones : These hormones are easy to apply and are suitable for a wide range of plants. They are especially useful for cuttings that require a quick dip before planting.
• Rooting Hormones Powder : They are popular for their ease of use and long shelf life. The powder adheres well to the cutting cutting, providing a gradual release of hormones as the plant begins to develop roots.
• Rooting Hormones in Gel : This type combines the ease of application of the liquid with the adhesion of the powder. The gel maintains contact with the cutting and protects the cutting while the roots form.

Benefits of Using Rooting Hormones

The use of rooting hormones in horticulture, and specifically in cannabis cultivation, offers a number of significant benefits that optimize and enhance the development of plant roots. These benefits are reflected not only in a higher survival rate of the cuttings, but also in the overall vigor and health of the plants. Let's see how these hormones improve root development and their impact on cannabis cultivation:

• Root Growth Stimulation : Rooting hormones actively promote root formation in plant cuttings. By applying rooting hormones to the cutting cut, cell differentiation is stimulated in that area, leading to the rapid and efficient formation of new roots. This is especially critical in cannabis cultivation, where a robust root system is essential for efficiently absorbing nutrients and water.
• Increased Propagation Success Rate : Cuttings treated with rooting hormones have a significantly higher success rate compared to untreated cuttings. This is crucial for cannabis growers who depend on consistent and successful propagation to maintain the continuity and quality of their crops.
• Accelerated Root Development : Rooting hormones not only promote root formation, but also accelerate this process. In cannabis cultivation, this means that cuttings establish more quickly, allowing for a faster transition to the vegetative growth phase, essential for an efficient growing cycle.
• Improves Plant Health and Vitality : A well-developed root system allows for better absorption of water and nutrients, resulting in healthier and more vigorous cannabis plants. This is especially beneficial during the growth and flowering phases, where the demands on the plant are greatest.
• Reducing Transplant Stress : Rooting hormones can help mitigate transplant stress on cannabis cuttings, ensuring a smoother transition from the rooting phase to the growth phase.
• Uniformity in Growth : The use of rooting hormones can contribute to more uniform growth between cuttings, which is important to maintain consistency in a cannabis crop, especially when it comes to plants of the same genetics.

Rooting Hormones for Cuttings

The use of rooting hormones on cannabis cuttings is a common and highly effective practice that significantly increases the chances of success in plant propagation. Cuttings, being separate parts of the plant from the main one, need to quickly form a new root system to survive and thrive. This is where rooting hormones play a crucial role. Below are tips and techniques for effectively applying rooting hormones to cannabis cuttings :

• Cutting Selection : Choose healthy, vigorous cuttings from a mother plant. Cuttings should have at least a couple of nodes and be cut with a sharp, sterilized tool to avoid infection.
• Cutting Preparation : Before applying rooting hormones, it is important to make a clean cut on the cutting. A diagonal cut increases the absorption surface for hormones and facilitates root development.
• Choosing Rooting Hormone : Decide whether to use powder, liquid or gel rooting hormones based on personal preference and ease of use. Each type has its advantages.
• Rooting Hormone Application : If using powder or gel hormones, dip the cut end of the cutting into the product. For liquid hormones, it may be necessary to soak the cutting for a specific period.
• Avoid Excess Hormones : A thin layer of rooting hormone is sufficient. Excess can be counterproductive, inhibiting root development.
• Planting the Cutting : Once treated with rooting hormones, plant the cutting in a suitable growing medium, such as peat moss, perlite or rock wool, keeping it moist but not saturated.
• Optimal Environmental Conditions : Cuttings need a humid and warm environment to root well. Using a propagator or plastic cover can help maintain moisture.
• Patience and Care : The cuttings will take several days or weeks to develop roots. During this time, it is crucial to maintain stable conditions and avoid disturbing the cuttings.

How to Use Rooting Hormones

Proper use of rooting hormones is a crucial aspect of ensuring success when growing plants, especially when growing cannabis. Here I present a step-by-step guide for the correct application of these hormones, considering the differences between the different types (liquid, powder, etc.):

Selection and Preparation of the Cutting

• Choose healthy cuttings from a parent cannabis plant. Look for stems that have at least two nodes.
• Use a sharp, sanitized tool to make a clean, angled cut on the cutting, preferably just below a node. This increases the surface area available for root formation.

Preparation of the Work Area

• Make sure the work area is clean and free of contaminants.
• Have the growing medium on hand where you will plant the cuttings, which can be peat moss, perlite, rock wool or a similar substrate.

Choosing the Type of Rooting Hormone

• Liquid Hormones : Ideal for quick and uniform application.
• Powdered Hormones : Preferred for their ease of use and long duration.
• Gel Hormones : Provide consistent coverage and protect the cut.

Application of Rooting Hormones

• Liquids : Mix the solution according to the manufacturer's instructions. Dip the cut end of the cutting into the solution for a few seconds and then let it drain.
• Powdered : Lightly moisten the cut end of the cutting and then dip it in the hormone powder. Shake off excess.
• In Gel : Apply a thin layer of gel directly to the cut end of the cutting, making sure to completely cover the area.

Planting the Cutting

• Insert the treated cutting into the prepared growing medium, preventing the hormones from rubbing off.
• Secure the cutting so that it stands upright and has firm contact with the medium.

Creating an Appropriate Environment

• Keep the cuttings in a warm, humid environment. You can use a propagator or cover them with a clear plastic bag to maintain moisture.
• Make sure the cuttings receive soft, indirect light, avoiding direct sunlight.

Post-Planting Care

• Lightly water the cuttings to keep the medium moist, but not saturated.
• Ventilate regularly to prevent mold and allow for fresh gas exchange.
• Monitor for signs of rooting, which usually occur within a few weeks.

Transplant and Final Observations

• Once the cuttings have developed a robust root system, they can be transplanted to a larger container or final growing location.
• Keep records of your process to improve techniques in future propagations.
• Experiment with different types of hormones to find the one that works best with your cannabis strain and growing conditions.

Rooting Hormones in Gel

Clonex rooting is a good option if you decide to use gel rooting hormones, they are a popular option among cannabis growers for several reasons, including quality/price and effectiveness. Below, we explore the specific benefits and characteristics of gel hormones, along with a detailed application guide and tips to maximize their effectiveness in cannabis cultivation.

Advantages and Features

• Adhesion and Protection : The gel adheres well to the cut of the cutting, providing a protective layer that keeps the hormones in direct contact with the plant tissue.
• Controlled Release : The gel releases the hormones gradually, which can be beneficial for consistent and effective rooting.
• Ease of Use : Gel application is simple and less messy compared to liquid and powder forms.
• Lower Risk of Contamination : Being a more viscous medium, the gel is less likely to spread and contaminate unwanted areas.
• Suitable for a Variety of Cuttings : The gel works well with a wide range of cuttings, including cannabis cuttings, providing uniform and effective coverage.

Application Guide and Tips

• Preparation of Cuttings : Select healthy and vigorous cuttings of the cannabis plant. Make clean, angled cuts to increase exposed surface area.
• Gel Application : Apply a thin layer of gel directly to the cutting cut. Be sure to cover the cut area and nearby nodes where roots will form.
• Avoid Excess : A thin layer is sufficient. Too much gel can inhibit air exchange and root formation.
• Planting the Cutting : Insert the treated cutting into your chosen growing medium. It can be peat moss, perlite, rock wool, or a substrate designed specifically for cuttings.
• Appropriate Environmental Conditions : Keep the cuttings in a warm, humid environment, ideal for rooting. Indirect light is preferable.
• Continuous Care : Monitor the humidity level of the growing medium and maintain constant humidity without saturating it.
• Patience and Observation : The rooting process can take several weeks. Monitor progress and look for signs of root growth.
• Timely Transplanting : Once the cuttings have rooted and shown signs of growth, prepare them for transplanting to a larger or permanent growing medium.
• Experimentation : Feel free to adjust the amount of gel or application method based on the specific needs of your cannabis plants.

Rooting Hormones Powder

Powdered rooting hormones are a popular choice among cannabis growers due to their specific benefits and characteristics. These advantages are detailed below and an application guide is provided, along with tips to maximize its effectiveness when growing cannabis.

Advantages and Features

• Long Shelf Life : Powdered rooting hormones generally have a longer shelf life compared to liquid or gel forms.
• Ease of Use : They are easy to apply, and do not require prior preparation or mixing.
• Lower Risk of Contamination and Overapplication : As it is a dry powder, there is less risk of bacterial or fungal contamination. Plus, it's harder to over-apply, unlike liquid or gel forms.
• Economical : They are usually more economical and efficient, since a small amount can treat many cuttings.
• Storage and Transportation : They are easy to store and transport, without the need for special conditions such as refrigeration.

Application Guide and Tips

• Cutting Preparation : Select and cut healthy cannabis cuttings. Make clean, angled cuts to increase the contact surface.
• Moisten the Cutting : Before applying the powder, lightly moisten the cut end of the cutting. This helps the powder adhere better.
• Powder Application : Dip the moistened end of the cutting into the rooting hormone powder. Make sure you completely cover the cut and the bottom nodes.
• Shake Off Excess : Gently shake the cutting to remove excess powder. A layer that is too thick can be counterproductive.
• Planting : Plant the treated cutting in a suitable growing medium, such as peat moss, perlite, rock wool, or a substrate designed for cuttings.
• Maintain Optimal Conditions : Place the cuttings in a controlled environment, with high humidity and moderate temperature. Avoid direct sunlight.
• Watering : Keep the substrate moist, but not saturated. Overwatering can wash away rooting hormones and encourage rot.
• Patience and Monitoring : Wait for the roots to develop, which can take several weeks. Observe the cuttings regularly for signs of growth or problems.
• Transplanting : Once the cuttings have successfully rooted, they can be transplanted into a larger or permanent growing medium.

Liquid Rooting Hormones

Liquid rooting hormones are a preferred choice for many growers due to their unique features and benefits. These advantages are detailed below and an application guide is provided, along with tips to maximize its effectiveness when growing cannabis.

Advantages and Features

• Easy Absorption : Liquid hormones are easily absorbed by the cutting, which can speed up the rooting process.
• Precise and Uniform Application : They allow a more controlled and uniform application, ensuring that the cutting receives the appropriate amount of hormones throughout the cut area.
• Adjustable Concentration : Some liquid rooting hormones come in adjustable concentrations, allowing the grower to customize the potency to the specific needs of the plant.
• Versatility : They are suitable for a wide range of plants, including delicate cannabis varieties.
• Quick Preparation : They do not require complex preparation, making them convenient for immediate use.

Application Guide and Tips

• Cutting Preparation : Choose healthy cuttings from a cannabis mother plant. Make clean, angled cuts to increase the absorption surface.
• Hormone Preparation : If liquid rooting hormone needs to be diluted, follow the manufacturer's instructions to obtain the desired concentration.
• Dipping the Cutting : Dip the cut end of the cutting into the liquid hormone. Immersion time may vary depending on the product instructions, but is generally a few seconds to a minute.
• Avoid Excess Hormone : After submerging the cutting, shake gently to remove excess liquid.
• Planting the Cutting : Plant the treated cutting in a moist growing medium suitable for cannabis cuttings.
• Maintain Proper Conditions : Make sure the cuttings are in a warm, humid environment, with indirect light to encourage rooting.
• Monitoring and Care : Check the cuttings regularly to ensure the medium remains moist and watch for signs of rooting.
• Timely Transplantation : Once the cuttings have developed a good root system, transfer them to a larger growing medium.
• Experimentation and Adjustments : Feel free to experiment with different concentrations and soak times to find what works best for your specific strain of cannabis.