LST (Low Stress Training) pruning: What does this technique consist of?

Low-stress pruning, commonly known as LST (Low Stress Training), is a cannabis plant training technique that seeks to improve plant development without subjecting them to excessive stress. This method allows plants to be shaped in terms of growth, achieving improved results in light distribution, bud production, and the quality of the final harvest. This technique maximizes yield without seriously damaging the plant's structure, making it ideal for both novice and experienced growers.

If you're a grower interested in optimizing your harvest and improving your gardening skills, LST pruning could become your best ally. Join us on this journey through the fundamentals and secrets of this innovative and effective pruning technique. Grow Industry, a trusted online grow shop , will tell you everything you need to know.

What is LST Pruning?

LST pruning, which stands for "Low Stress Training," is a pruning technique used in cannabis cultivation that focuses on gently training and manipulating plants to achieve optimal growth and efficient light distribution. Unlike other pruning techniques that can be more aggressive, such as topping, which involve removing parts of the plant, LST relies on bending and tying branches to redirect growth in a controlled manner.

The fundamental principle behind the LST pruning technique is based on phototropy, which is the plant's response to light. Cannabis plants have a natural tendency to orient their branches toward the light source to maximize light energy uptake. By carefully bending the branches and placing them in a horizontal or lower position, you can stimulate the growth of new shoots and lateral branches. This results in a bushier and wider plant, rather than a tall and slender one, which improves light absorption by all parts of the plant.

The LST pruning process involves using wire, string, or other soft support devices to bend the branches of the marijuana plant so they are parallel to the growing medium or surface. As the plant grows, these bent branches will fill with buds, significantly increasing overall flower production.

Why perform low-stress pruning (LST) on cannabis plants?

Improved light distribution

One of the greatest benefits of LST pruning is its ability to improve light distribution throughout the plant. By bending and training branches horizontally, the plant develops a wider, lower shape, allowing light to penetrate more evenly throughout the plant. This prevents some branches from being shaded, as is often the case with vertically grown plants, and ensures that the lower leaves and branches receive enough light for optimal photosynthesis . With more evenly distributed light, the plant can grow more balanced and maximize its development potential.

Furthermore, uniform light exposure increases the plant's energy efficiency, which directly impacts the overall health and vigor of its branches . Areas that were previously shaded can now actively contribute to growth, resulting in more sites for bud production and an increase in the quality of the final harvest.

Increased bud production

LST pruning also promotes the creation of multiple flowering sites rather than relying on a single dominant apical bud. This means that each bent branch becomes a potential site for flower formation, allowing the plant to produce a greater number of buds. Unlike other techniques, where production is focused on one or two main buds, LST results in a more uniform plant with a greater number of medium-sized buds distributed throughout its structure.

This increase in flowering sites is especially beneficial for those looking to maximize the number of buds in their crops. Having more production sites results in a more abundant final harvest and allows for a more even distribution of the plant's resources. This low-stress technique is therefore an excellent option for growers looking to maximize yield without compromising plant health.

Increase in harvest quality

By stimulating the development of multiple smaller buds rather than concentrating on one or two large ones, LST pruning tends to improve the overall quality of the harvest. These smaller buds, because they are more exposed and receive an even distribution of nutrients and light, are typically denser and contain a greater number of trichomes, which are responsible for potency and aroma in marijuana. This technique, therefore, helps improve both the cannabinoid content and the terpene profile.

The result is a higher-quality harvest, where each bud possesses distinctive characteristics and a superior level of potency and flavor . Growers looking to optimize the quality of their final product find LST an ideal technique, as it produces well-formed buds with a higher concentration of resin and intense aromas.

Reduction of competition between branches

In unpruned plants, branches often compete with each other for light, which can lead to uneven growth and lower yields on lower branches. LST pruning minimizes this competition by ensuring that all branches receive light equally and, therefore, have better conditions to develop fully . By eliminating this competition, each branch grows with the same strength and opportunity, producing buds more efficiently and evenly.

This technique not only allows for greater resource efficiency , but also facilitates plant maintenance. By achieving more balanced growth, it's easier to observe and control branch development, which contributes to more efficient management and, ultimately, a higher-quality harvest.

What do you need to apply low-stress pruning techniques (Low Stress Training)?

To perform effective LST pruning, it's important to have certain tools and materials that facilitate the process and ensure good results. First and foremost, it's essential to have precise, clean pruning shears that allow for precise initial cuts, avoiding damaging the plant's fibers. Shears must be disinfected to avoid the risk of plant infection or disease.

Another essential element is plant tape or soft wire , which will be used to hold the branches in the desired position. This material should be strong enough to support the weight of the branches, but also soft enough to avoid strangling or damaging them. Additionally, the use of support stakes is recommended , especially if the plant is in an advanced growth phase and its branches are heavier.

Proper environmental preparation is also key to the success of LST. It's important to ensure the plant receives adequate and even lighting throughout its structure to maximize the benefits of the technique. Likewise, the environment should be free from additional stress, with a constant supply of nutrients and optimal humidity and temperature. With these elements, it's possible to ensure an ideal environment for the plant to respond positively to training.

Finally, having a stable and clean work surface makes the process much easier. Working in an organized environment allows you to stay focused and perform each step accurately, minimizing errors and ensuring that every part of the plant undergoes the LST process correctly and effectively.

When to apply LST in the plant life cycle?

The ideal time to apply LST to cannabis plants is during the early stages of growth, when the stems and branches are flexible and more receptive to manipulation. Generally, the technique can be started from the third or fourth week of the plant's life, when it already has several branches and begins to develop vertically. At this age, the plant is still in a vigorous growth phase and is more resistant to manipulation.

It's advisable to continue LST throughout the vegetative stage, as this is when the plant focuses on developing its structure and producing strong branches. However, once the flowering phase begins, manipulation should be reduced , as the plant's focus shifts to flower production and is more vulnerable to stress.

Step-by-Step Guide to Performing LST Pruning

Below is a step-by-step guide on how to perform this technique effectively:

Step 1: Select the Branches to Train

The first step in the LST (Low Stress Training) pruning technique is to identify the branches you want to train. This step is crucial to ensure the plant grows as desired and that the branches are efficiently exposed to light.

• Observe Your Plant : First, examine your marijuana plant and assess its structure. Look for branches that are growing vertically upward and competing for light with other branches. These are ideal branches for LST training.
• Select Flexible Branches : It's important to choose branches that are flexible and not too stiff. Flexible branches are easier to bend without breaking. If a branch is too stiff, it may not respond well to LST training.
• Prioritize Upper Branches : In general, it's recommended to select the plant's upper branches, as these tend to receive less light due to their position. By training these branches sideways, you can achieve a more even distribution of light throughout the plant.
• Plan the Layout : Visualize how you want the branches to grow and how light will be distributed among them. This will help you make informed decisions about which branches to train and which direction to bend them.

Remember that LST pruning is a technique that is performed gradually over time. It's not necessary to train all branches at once. With patience and careful selection of the right branches, you'll be ready to move on to the next step of the LST process.

Step 2: Gather the Tools

Before you begin branch training, it's essential to have all the necessary tools gathered and ready. This will make the process easier and ensure you can make the necessary adjustments efficiently. The tools and materials you'll need include:

• Pruning Shears : These should be sharp and clean to make precise cuts when needed during training.
• Soft Ropes or Wires : These are used to tie branches and guide their growth. Make sure they are soft and won't damage the branches.
• Supports : These may be necessary to keep branches in the desired position after bending. Make sure you have enough supports on hand if you need them.
• Gardening Gloves : Gloves will protect your hands during the process and also help maintain proper hygiene.
• Tags or Markers : It's helpful to tag the branches you've trained and record the date you did the training. This will help you track the progress of each branch.
• Magnifying Glass or Magnifying Lenses : In some cases, a magnifying glass or magnifying lens may be helpful for making precise cuts and adjustments.
• Tool Disinfectant : Before and after making branch cuts, it is important to disinfect your pruning shears to prevent the spread of disease or infection.
• Water Container : You may need a container of water to moisten the ropes or wires before tying the branches.
• Paper and Pen : To take notes and record the changes you make in each branch.

Once you've gathered all these tools and materials, you'll be ready to proceed with the process of training branches using the LST pruning technique effectively.

Step 3: Fold Carefully

Once you've selected the branches you want to train and gathered all the necessary tools, it's time to begin the process of gently bending the branches. The main goal of this step is to guide the branches to grow horizontally or in the desired direction without causing damage or undue stress to the plant. Follow these steps to gently bend branches:

• Identifying Bend Points : Observe the plant and locate the points on the branches that are flexible enough to bend without breaking. These points are usually near the nodes where the branches join the main stem.
• Holding the Branch : Carefully hold the selected branch near the bend point with one hand while supporting the main stem with the other hand to avoid putting additional pressure on the stem.
• Gradual Bending : Begin gently bending the branch in the desired direction. The bending should be gradual and slow to prevent breakage or excessive stress. As you bend the branch, you can use soft string or wire to secure it in its new position.
• Gradual Adjustments : Observe how the branch reacts to the bending and make additional adjustments if necessary. The goal is for the branch to maintain its new position naturally.
• Avoid Damage : Be careful to ensure that branches are not broken or damaged during the bending process. If you notice that a branch is becoming too stressed or at risk of breaking, it's best to stop the process on that specific branch.
• Labeling and Recording : Label the branch you've bent and record the date you did the process. This will help you keep track of the branches you've trained and their progress.

Remember that the key to LST pruning is to apply low, controlled stress to the branches to guide their growth efficiently. This step is essential for achieving even light distribution and maximizing bud production in your marijuana plant.

Step 4: Secure the Branches

Once you've carefully bent the branches in the desired direction, the next step is to ensure they hold their new position. This is achieved by gently but securely securing the branches to prevent them from straightening or shifting. Follow these steps to effectively secure branches:

• Preparing Staples : Before you begin, make sure you have soft, flexible staples, such as gardening string or plastic-coated wire, on hand. These staples should be soft enough not to damage branches or cut off the flow of nutrients.
• Careful Holding : Start by gently holding the branch near the point where you bent it. Avoid overtightening to avoid damaging the branch or restricting its growth.
• Secure Attachment : Use the ties to secure the branch in its new position. You can gently tie the branch around the main stem or another part of the plant to keep it in place. Make sure the branch is firmly attached but not too tight.
• Even Spacing : Space trained branches evenly around the plant to ensure even light exposure in all areas. This will help all parts of the plant receive the same amount of light and maximize bud production.
• Ongoing Inspection : As the plant grows, it's important to regularly inspect the trained branches and adjust the supports if necessary. As the branches strengthen, you may need to loosen the supports to allow for proper growth.
• Labeling and Recording : Label the trained branches and keep a record of the date you pinned them. This will help you track the progress and effectiveness of LST pruning on your plant.

Proper branch support is essential to maintaining the desired plant shape and ensuring optimal light exposure. This step contributes significantly to improving bud production and maximizing the benefits of the LST pruning technique.

 Step 5: Observe and Adjust

After you've secured the branches in the desired position, it's important to closely monitor how they're responding and growing. Constant observation will allow you to make adjustments to optimize training and ensure even light exposure. Follow these steps to observe and adjust trained branches:

• Observation Frequency : Spend time every day or every few days observing the trained branches and their growth. It's essential to maintain consistent monitoring throughout the training period.
• Growth Assessment : Observe whether branches are growing in the desired direction and away from the shaded areas of the plant. Look for signs of branches that might need more training.
• Gentle Adjustments : If you notice a branch is bending or not receiving enough light, make gentle adjustments. This may include re-bending a branch slightly or repositioning the supports.
• Avoiding Stress : Although the technique is called "Low Stress Training," it's important to avoid causing unnecessary stress to the plant. Make adjustments gently and gradually to avoid damaging the branches.
• Change Log : Keep a record of the adjustments you make and the dates you make them. This will help you track the effectiveness of your training and learn what works best for your facility.
• Continue Observation : Observation and adjustments should continue throughout the plant's flowering period. As the plant grows and develops new shoots, you may need to continue training the branches to maintain even light exposure.

Constant observation and gentle adjustments are critical to the success of the LST pruning technique. This ensures that branches remain in the optimal position to receive light and maximize bud production without causing unnecessary stress to the plant.

Step 6: Continue Training

LST training is a continuous process throughout the life cycle of a marijuana plant. As the plant grows and develops new buds, it's essential to continue training to ensure all branches have adequate light exposure and optimal bud production. Follow these steps to continue LST training effectively:

• Regular Monitoring : Keep a close eye on the plant's growth and how the trained branches respond. Take time regularly to observe any changes in branch orientation.
• Gradual Adjustments : As the plant grows, some branches may need adjustment to maintain the desired position. Make these adjustments gently and gradually to avoid damaging the plant.
• New Training : As new shoots and lateral branches develop, consider training them using the same LST technique. This ensures that all parts of the plant have access to light and can develop high-quality buds.
• Maintain Uniformity : The goal is to maintain even light exposure across all parts of the plant. As you continue training, make sure there are no shaded areas that could affect bud production.
• Adjustment Log : Keep a record of the adjustments you make and the dates you make them. This will help you track the effectiveness of your training and learn what works best for your plant.
• Stress Management : Although it's called "Low Stress Training," it's important to avoid causing unnecessary stress to the plant. Make adjustments gently and consider the plant's overall health.

LST training should be a continuous process throughout the plant's life cycle. This approach maximizes bud production and ensures even light exposure, resulting in a higher-quality harvest. Continuing LST training requires patience and constant attention to the plant.

Step 7: Patience and Follow-up

Patience is key in the LST training process, as results may not be immediately apparent, but they become more evident over time. This step involves consistently monitoring the plant and observing how it responds as it adapts to the training. Here are some key guidelines for the patience and monitoring step:

• Continued Observation : Continue observing the plant as it grows and develops new shoots. Pay attention to how the trained branches orient themselves toward the light and how the buds are distributed.
• Progress Log : Keep track of changes in your plant over time. This can include periodic photographs to document its development. The log will help you evaluate the effectiveness of the training.
• Gradual Adjustments : If necessary, make gradual adjustments to branch orientation. This may involve raising or lowering branches to ensure all branches have access to light.
• Stress Resistance : Make sure the plant is healthy and not experiencing excessive stress. LST training is called "Low Stress Training" because it should minimize stress for the plant.
• Monitoring Yield : Observe bud production and development on the trained branches. You should see an increase in bud production and quality as the training takes effect.
• Patience : Remember that LST training is a gradual process and may take time before results are evident. Patience is key to allowing the plant to adapt to the training and maximize its performance.

The patience and monitoring step in LST training is essential for long-term success. By carefully observing the plant and making adjustments as needed, you can ensure it's optimized to produce high-quality buds. The reward for your patience will be a bountiful and excellent harvest.

 

Is LST pruning effective in indoor plantations?

LST pruning is highly effective in indoor plantings due to space limitations and the need to maximize the use of available light. In an enclosed environment, where light only comes from a specific source, LST allows this light to be distributed evenly, promoting balanced and efficient growth. It also helps optimize horizontal space , allowing each plant to develop multiple productive branches without competing for vertical light.

How to handle damaged branches during training

During the LST process , a branch may break or show signs of excessive stress. In these cases, it's essential to act quickly. The first step is to use tape or soft wire to stabilize the branch and allow it to heal. It's also advisable to apply wound-healing products to protect the wound and reduce the risk of infection. With time and proper care, damaged branches can recover without affecting growth.

 

Safety Precautions for LST (Low Stress Training) Pruning

Performing LST (Low Stress Training) pruning is a safe practice, but it's important to follow some precautions to ensure the safety of both the plant and the grower. Here are some key precautions to keep in mind:

• Handwashing : Before touching the plant, be sure to wash your hands thoroughly. This will help prevent the transfer of dirt, oils, and germs to the plant.
• Sharp Tools : Use sharp, clean pruning tools to avoid damaging the plant. Clean cuts minimize stress on the plant and reduce the risk of infection.
• Tool Disinfection : Disinfect your tools before and after each use. This prevents the spread of diseases and pathogens from one plant to another.
• Smooth Movements : When bending branches, be sure to do so gently and carefully. Avoid applying excessive pressure that could damage the branches.
• Do Not Force : Do not force the branches into a position. They should bend naturally and without excessive effort.
• Stress Management : Monitor the plant to ensure it isn't experiencing excessive stress as a result of training. If you notice signs of severe stress, consider relieving tension in the branches.
• Respect the Life Cycle : Perform LST pruning at the appropriate time according to the plant's life cycle. Forcing training at inappropriate stages can harm the plant.
• Continuous Observation : After training, maintain continuous observation of the plant to ensure that it is adapting healthily.
• Clean the Area : Keep the growing area clean and organized. Avoid obstacles that could damage the plant or interfere with training.
• Eye and Hand Protection : In some cases, it may be advisable to wear protective eyewear and gloves when performing LST Pruning, especially when working with large plants and strong branches.

By following these safety precautions, you can perform LST pruning effectively and protect both the plant's health and your own. Remember that LST pruning is a low-stress technique that benefits the plant and maximizes bud production, provided it is performed with proper care and attention.

Post-Pruning Care in the LST (Low Stress Training) Technique

Once you've applied Low Stress Training (LST) to your marijuana plants, it's essential to pay attention to aftercare to ensure the plant recovers and continues to grow healthily. Here are some guidelines on how to handle the plant after pruning and how to identify a successful pruning:

• Continued Observation : After performing LST, continue to closely observe the plant. This will allow you to detect any signs of stress or problems with bent branches.
• Branch Recovery : Branches that have been bent during LST may take some time to recover and regrow upward. Be patient and allow the plant to gradually adjust to the new growth.
• Regular Maintenance : As the plant grows, you may need to adjust its position again to maintain even light exposure. Continue gently bending branches as needed.
• Nutrients and Watering : Make sure the plant is receiving the necessary nutrients and is adequately watered. Bent branches can affect nutrient distribution, so it's important to monitor the plant's needs.
• Stress Monitoring : Observe any signs of stress in the plant, such as yellowing or wilting leaves. If you notice severe stress in any part of the plant, consider relieving the stress in that area.
• Additional Support : Depending on the size of your plants and the LST technique used, you may need to provide additional support for bent branches. Make sure they are secure and won't break due to the weight of the buds.
• Selective Pruning : As the plant continues to grow, you can perform selective pruning to remove unnecessary leaves or branches that aren't receiving enough light. This will help improve air circulation and bud production.
• Pest and Disease Control : Maintain constant control ofcannabis pests and diseases , as bent branches may be more vulnerable to these problems due to their greater density.
• Light Measurement : Use a light meter to ensure the folded areas receive the proper amount of light. Adjust the height of the lights if necessary.
• Maintenance Pruning : Continue with regular maintenance pruning to maintain the shape and health of the plant as it grows.

A successful LST should result in a plant with a broader structure and even light exposure. Buds should grow more efficiently and abundantly. If you follow these post-pruning care guidelines and pay attention to your plant's needs, you can enjoy a more productive and high-quality harvest.

Tips to Avoid Common Mistakes After Performing LST (Low Stress Training)

After applying Low Stress Training (LST) to your marijuana plants, it's important to avoid common mistakes that can compromise their health and performance. Here are some tips to help you avoid these errors:

• Avoid Overstretching Branches : Avoid applying excessive pressure when bending branches during LST. Branches should be bent gently and gradually to avoid damage.
• Don't Neglect Monitoring : After performing LST, it's crucial to continue monitoring and adjusting branches as needed. Don't assume that a single LST session is sufficient; it's an ongoing process.
• Don't Forget Nutrition : Bent branches can affect the plant's nutrient distribution. Be sure to adjust your feeding practices to meet the plant's needs.
• Don't Ignore Stress : If you notice signs of stress in your plant, such as yellow or wilted leaves, take steps to relieve stress in those areas. This may include adjusting bent branches.
• Don't Leave Branches Lost : Make sure all branches have adequate light and space. Bent branches shouldn't be trapped or blocked by other parts of the plant.
• Don't Neglect Hygiene : Maintain a clean environment around your plants to prevent pests and diseases. LST can create denser areas on the plant, increasing the need for hygiene.
• Don't Be Impatient : LST is a technique that requires time and patience. Don't expect immediate results, and allow the plant to gradually adapt to the changes.
• Don't Overbend : Avoid bending branches too far or at extreme angles. This can damage the plant's structural integrity.
• Don't Ignore Support : If you use supports to keep bent branches in place, make sure they are secure and won't droop due to the weight of the buds.
• Keep Monitoring : Constant observation is key to the success of LST. Continue to assess the plant's growth and make adjustments as needed.

By following these tips and paying close attention to your plants after applying LST, you'll be able to maximize the benefits of this technique and enjoy a bountiful, high-quality harvest. Patience and careful attention are key to successful LST marijuana cultivation.

 

Comparison of the LST Technique with Other Pruning Techniques

Below is a comparison of the Low Stress Training (LST) technique with other popular pruning techniques.

Comparison of LST with Super Cropping

• Both techniques seek to improve the exposure of the branches to light.
• Both LST and Super Cropping allow you to control plant height.
• Both techniques can reduce competition between branches and improve the distribution of energy and nutrients.
• Super Cropping involves bending and pinching branches more intensively, often causing minor tissue damage, while LST focuses on gently bending branches without damaging them.
• In LST, branches are not cut or removed, while in Super Cropping, part of a branch may sometimes be removed.
• Super Cropping is primarily used to strengthen branches and allow for better light exposure, while LST focuses on height control and light distribution.

Comparing LST with Lollipopping

• Both techniques seek to improve the exposure of the branches to light.
• Both LST and Lollipopping can help control plant height.
• Both techniques can reduce competition between branches.
• Lollipopping involves removing lower branches and leaves, while LST does not require the removal of any part of the plant.
• Lollipopping focuses on thinning the lower part of the plant to concentrate energy on the upper branches, while LST is used to bend branches downward and improve light exposure.
• LST can be performed earlier in the plant's life cycle, while Lollipopping is usually done at later stages.

Comparison of LST with Topping

• Both techniques seek to improve the exposure of the upper branches to light.
• Both LST and Topping can control plant height and redirect growth toward the main branches.
• Topping involves removing the top part of the plant (the apex) to encourage the growth of lateral branches, while LST does not involve removing any part of the plant.
• LST focuses on gently bending branches downward to improve light exposure, while Topping changes the growth pattern by removing the main tip.
• LST is less invasive and can be performed at earlier stages of plant growth, while Topping is usually performed at later stages.

Comparison of LST with Schwazzing Pruning

• Both techniques seek to improve the exposure of branches to light at specific stages of the plant's life cycle.
• Both LST and Schwazzing can help control plant height and improve light distribution.
• Schwazzing involves removing most of the leaves at specific stages and then stretching the branches outward, while LST focuses on gently bending the branches downward without removing any leaves.
• LST is a gentler and less invasive technique compared to Schwazzing, which can be more intensive in terms of leaf removal.
• Schwazzing is performed at specific stages and requires an intensive approach, while LST can be applied at multiple stages of the plant's life cycle.

Situations in which LST is more advisable

• Indoor Growing : LST is especially useful in indoor growing, where you want to maximize vertical and horizontal space, and an even distribution of artificial light is needed.
• Height Control : When you need to precisely control plant height without compromising bud production, LST is an excellent choice.
• Early training : LST can be applied early in the plant's life cycle and can be a continuous training technique throughout growth.
• Plants with long branches : For plants that develop long branches that could shade other parts of the plant, LST can help redirect growth and improve sun exposure.

The end result: healthier plants and more abundant harvests

Applying the LST technique correctly results in stronger, more balanced plants with a structure that maximizes bud production. At the end of the process, growers obtain more abundant, high-quality harvests , with dense, trichome-rich buds that enhance both the potency and flavor of their marijuana. This technique is an invaluable tool for those looking to optimize their crop's yield without resorting to aggressive methods.

At Grow Industry , we have all the tools you need to successfully perform the LST technique. From precision shears to training tapes and wires, our catalog offers high-quality solutions for your crops. Take advantage of this technique and take your yields to the next level with reliable products!