LST (Low Stress Training) pruning: What does this technique consist of?

Low-stress pruning, commonly known as LST (Low Stress Training), is a training technique for cannabis plants that seeks to improve their development without subjecting them to a high level of stress. This method allows you to shape the growth of plants, obtaining better results in light distribution, bud production, and the quality of the final harvest. Through this technique, it is possible to maximize yield without seriously damaging the structure of the plant, making it ideal for both novice and expert growers.

If you are a grower interested in optimizing your harvest and improving your gardening skills, LST pruning could become your best ally. Join us on this journey through the fundamentals and secrets of this innovative and effective pruning technique, because from Grow Industry, a trusted online grow shop , we tell you everything you need to know about it.

What is LST Pruning?

LST pruning, which stands for “Low Stress Training,” is a pruning technique used in marijuana cultivation that focuses on training and gently manipulating plants to achieve optimal growth and efficient light distribution. Unlike other pruning techniques that can be more aggressive, such as topping, which involves removing parts of the plant, LST relies on bending and tying branches to redirect their growth in a controlled manner.

The fundamental principle behind the LST pruning technique is based on phototropy, which is the response of plants to light. Cannabis plants have a natural tendency to orient their branches towards the light source to maximise light energy uptake. By carefully bending the branches and placing them in a horizontal or lower position, the growth of new shoots and side branches can be encouraged. This results in a bushier and wider plant, rather than a tall and spindly one, which improves light uptake in all parts of the plant.

The LST pruning process involves using wires, string, or other soft holding devices to bend the branches of the marijuana plant so that they are parallel to the substrate or growing surface. As the plant grows, these bent branches will fill with buds, significantly increasing overall flower production.

Why perform low-stress pruning (LST) on cannabis plants?

Improved light distribution

One of the biggest benefits of LST pruning is its ability to improve light distribution throughout the entire plant. By bending and training branches horizontally, the plant becomes wider and lower, allowing light to penetrate more evenly to all parts. This prevents some branches from being shaded, as is often the case with vertically growing plants, and ensures that the lower leaves and branches receive enough light for optimal photosynthesis . With more evenly distributed light, the plant can grow in a more balanced way and maximize its development potential.

Furthermore, uniform light exposure increases the plant's energy efficiency, which has a direct impact on the overall health and vigor of its branches . Areas that were previously shaded can now actively contribute to growth, resulting in a greater number of bud production sites and an increase in the quality of the final harvest.

Increase in bud production

LST pruning also promotes the creation of multiple flowering sites rather than relying on a single dominant apical bud. This means that each bent branch becomes a potential site for flower formation, allowing the plant to produce a greater quantity of buds. Unlike other techniques, where production is focused on one or two main buds, LST results in a more uniform plant with a greater number of average-sized buds distributed throughout its structure.

This increase in flowering sites is especially beneficial for those looking to maximize the amount of buds in their crops. By having more production points, the final harvest becomes more abundant and allows for a more even distribution of the plant's resources. This low-stress technique is therefore an excellent option for growers who want to maximize yield without compromising plant health.

Increase in harvest quality

By encouraging the development of multiple smaller buds rather than concentrating on one or two large ones, LST pruning tends to improve the overall quality of the crop. These smaller buds, being more exposed and receiving an even distribution of nutrients and light, tend to be denser and contain a higher amount of trichomes, which are responsible for potency and aroma in marijuana. This technique, therefore, helps to improve both the cannabinoid content and the terpene profile.

The result is a higher quality harvest, where each bud has outstanding characteristics and a higher level of potency and flavour . Growers looking to optimise the quality of the final product find LST to be an ideal technique, as it allows them to obtain well-formed buds, with a higher concentration of resin and intense aromas.

Reduction of competition between branches

In plants that are not pruned, it is common for branches to compete with each other for light, which can lead to uneven growth and lower yields on lower branches. LST pruning helps to minimize this competition by ensuring that all branches receive light equally and therefore have better conditions to fully develop . By eliminating this competition, each branch grows with equal strength and opportunity, producing buds more efficiently and evenly.

This technique not only allows for greater efficiency in the use of resources , but also makes plant maintenance easier. By having a more balanced growth, it is easier to observe and control the development of the branches, which contributes to more efficient management and, ultimately, to a higher quality harvest.

What do you need to apply low stress pruning techniques (Low Stress Training)?

To carry out effective LST pruning, it is important to have certain tools and materials that facilitate the process and ensure good results. First of all, it is essential to have precise and clean pruning shears that allow the initial cuts to be made accurately, avoiding damaging the plant fibers. The shears must be disinfected to avoid the risk of infections or diseases in the plant.

Another essential element is plant tape or soft wires , which will be used to keep the branches in the desired position. This material must be strong enough to support the weight of the branches, but also soft to avoid strangling or damaging them. In addition, the use of support stakes is recommended , especially if the plant is in an advanced growth phase and its branches are heavier.

Proper preparation of the environment is also key to the success of LST. It is important to ensure that the plant receives adequate and uniform lighting throughout its structure to maximize the benefits of the technique. The environment should also be free of additional stress, with a constant supply of nutrients and an optimal level of humidity and temperature. With these elements, it is possible to ensure an ideal environment for the plant to respond positively to training.

Finally, having a stable and clean work surface makes the process much easier. Working in an organized place allows you to stay focused and perform each step accurately, minimizing errors and ensuring that each part of the plant undergoes the LST process correctly and effectively.

When to apply LST in the plant life cycle?

The ideal time to apply LST to cannabis plants is during the early stages of growth, when the stems and branches are flexible and more receptive to manipulation. In general, the technique can be started from the third or fourth week of the plant's life, when it already has several branches and begins to develop vertically. At this age, the plant is still in a vigorous growth phase and is more resistant to manipulation.

It is advisable to continue with LST throughout the vegetative stage, as this is when the plant is focused on developing its structure and producing strong branches. However, once the flowering phase begins, manipulation should be reduced , as the plant's focus shifts to flower production and it is more vulnerable to stress.

Step-by-Step Guide to Performing LST Pruning

Below is a step-by-step guide on how to perform this technique effectively:

Step 1: Select the Branches to Train

The first step in the LST (Low Stress Training) pruning technique is to identify the branches you want to train. This step is crucial to ensure that the plant grows in the desired way and that the branches are efficiently exposed to light.

• Observe Your Plant : First, observe your marijuana plant and assess its structure. Look for branches that are growing vertically upward and competing for light with other branches. These are the ideal branches for LST training.
• Select Flexible Branches : It is important to choose branches that are flexible and not too stiff. Flexible branches are easier to bend without breaking. If a branch is too stiff, it may not respond well to LST training.
• Prioritize Upper Branches : In general, it is recommended to select the upper branches of the plant, as these tend to receive less light due to their position. By training these branches to the sides, a more even distribution of light can be achieved throughout the plant.
• Plan Your Distribution : Visualize how you want your branches to grow and how light will be distributed between them. This will help you make informed decisions about which branches to train and which direction to bend them in.

Remember that LST pruning is a technique that is done gradually over time. It is not necessary to train all branches at once. With patience and attention to selecting the right branches, you will be ready to move on to the next step of the LST process.

Step 2: Gather the Tools

Before you begin training your branches, it is essential to have all the necessary tools gathered and ready. This will make the process easier and ensure that you can make the necessary adjustments efficiently. The tools and materials you will need include:

• Pruning Shears : These should be sharp and clean to make precise cuts when needed during training.
• Soft String or Wire : These are used to tie branches and guide their growth. Make sure they are soft and do not damage the branches.
• Supports : These may be necessary to keep the branches in the desired position after bending. Make sure you have enough supports on hand if you need them.
• Gardening Gloves : Gloves will protect your hands during the process and will also help maintain proper hygiene.
• Tags or Markers : It is helpful to tag the branches you have trained and record the date you performed the process. This will help you keep track of the progress of each branch.
• Magnifying Glass or Lenses : In some cases, a magnifying glass or lens may be helpful for making precise cuts and adjustments.
• Tool Disinfectant : Before and after making cuts to branches, it is important to disinfect your pruning shears to prevent the spread of disease or infection.
• Water Container : You may need a container of water to moisten the string or wire before tying the branches.
• Paper and Pen : To take notes and record the changes you make in each branch.

Once you have gathered all of these tools and materials, you will be ready to proceed with the process of training your branches using the LST Pruning technique effectively.

Step 3: Fold Carefully

Once you have selected the branches you wish to train and have gathered all the necessary tools, it is time to begin the process of carefully bending the branches. The main goal of this step is to guide the growth of the branches horizontally or in the desired direction without causing damage or excessive stress to the plant. Follow these steps to carefully bend the branches:

• Identifying Bending Points : Look at the plant and locate the points on the branches that are flexible enough to bend without breaking. These points are usually near the nodes where the branches attach to the main stem.
• Branch Support : Carefully hold the selected branch near the bending point with one hand while supporting the main stem with the other hand to avoid putting additional pressure on the stem.
• Gradual Bending : Gently begin bending the branch in the desired direction. The bending should be gradual and slow to prevent breaking or excessive stress. As you bend the branch, you can use soft string or wire to tie it into its new position.
• Gradual Adjustments : Observe how the branch reacts to the bending and make additional adjustments if necessary. The goal is for the branch to maintain its new position naturally.
• Avoid Damage : Pay attention to ensure that no branches are broken or damaged during the bending process. If you notice that a branch is becoming too stressed or at risk of breaking, it is best to stop the process on that specific branch.
• Labeling and Recording : Label the branch you have bent and record the date you performed the process. This will help you keep track of the branches you have trained and their progress.

Remember that the key to LST Pruning is to apply low and controlled stress to the branches to guide their growth efficiently. This step is essential to achieve an even distribution of light and maximize bud production in the marijuana plant.

Step 4: Secure the Branches

Once you have carefully bent the branches in the desired direction, the next step is to ensure that they maintain their new position. This is achieved by gently but securely securing the branches to prevent them from straightening out or moving again. Follow these steps to effectively secure the branches:

• Preparing Ties : Before you begin, make sure you have soft, flexible ties on hand, such as gardening twine or plastic-coated wire. These ties should be soft enough not to damage the branches or cut off the flow of nutrients.
• Careful Support : Begin by gently supporting the branch near the point where you bent it. Avoid over-tightening to avoid damaging the branch or restricting its growth.
• Secure Attachment : Use the ties to secure the branch in its new position. You can gently tie the branch around the main stem or another part of the plant to hold it in place. Make sure the branch is firmly attached but not too tight.
• Even Spacing : Distribute trained branches evenly around the plant to ensure even light exposure in all areas. This will help all parts of the plant receive the same amount of light and maximize bud production.
• Ongoing Review : As the plant grows, it is important to regularly check the trained branches and adjust the ties if necessary. As the branches become stronger, you may need to loosen the ties to allow for proper growth.
• Labeling and Recording : Label your trained branches and keep a record of the date you performed the pinning. This will help you track the progress and effectiveness of LST Pruning on your plant.

Proper branch support is essential to maintain the desired plant shape and ensure optimal light exposure. This step contributes significantly to improving bud production and maximizing the benefits of the LST Pruning technique.

 Step 5: Observe and Adjust

After you have set the branches in the desired position, it is important to keep close track of how they are responding and growing. Constant observation will allow you to make adjustments to optimize training and ensure even light exposure. Follow these steps to observe and adjust trained branches:

• Observation Frequency : Set aside time every day or every few days to observe the trained branches and their growth. It is essential to maintain constant monitoring during the training period.
• Assessing Growth : Observe whether branches are growing in the desired direction and whether they are moving away from the shaded areas of the plant. Look for signs of branches that may need further training.
• Gentle Adjustments : If you notice that a branch is straightening or not getting enough light, make gentle adjustments. This may include re-bending a branch slightly or changing the position of fasteners.
• Avoid Stress : Although the technique is called "Low Stress Training," it is important to avoid causing unnecessary stress to the plant. Make adjustments gently and gradually to avoid damaging the branches.
• Change Log : Keep track of the adjustments you make and the dates you make them. This will help you track the effectiveness of the training and learn what works best for your facility.
• Continue Observation : Observation and adjustments should continue throughout the plant's flowering period. As the plant grows and develops new shoots, you may need to continue training the branches to maintain even light exposure.

Constant observation and gentle adjustments are critical to the success of the LST Pruning technique. This ensures that branches are kept in the optimal position to receive light and maximize bud production without causing unnecessary stress to the plant.

Step 6: Continue Training

LST training is an ongoing process throughout the life cycle of the marijuana plant. As the plant grows and develops new buds, it is essential to continue training to ensure that all branches have adequate light exposure and that bud production is optimal. Follow these steps to continue LST training effectively:

• Regular Monitoring : Keep close track of plant growth and how trained branches respond. Take time regularly to observe any changes in branch orientation.
• Gradual Adjustments : As the plant grows, some branches may need adjustments to keep them in the desired position. Make these adjustments gently and gradually to avoid damaging the plant.
• New Training : As new shoots and side branches develop, consider training them using the same LST technique. This ensures that all parts of the plant have access to light and can develop high-quality buds.
• Maintain Uniformity : The goal is to maintain even light exposure to all parts of the plant. As you continue training, make sure there are no shaded areas that could affect bud production.
• Adjustment Log : Keep track of the adjustments you make and the dates you make them. This will help you track the effectiveness of your training and learn what works best for your plant.
• Stress Management : Although it is called "Low Stress Training", it is important to avoid causing unnecessary stress to the plant. Make adjustments gently and keep in mind the overall health of the plant.

LST training should be an ongoing process throughout the plant's life cycle. This approach allows for maximizing bud production and ensuring even light exposure, resulting in a higher quality harvest. Continuing LST training requires patience and constant attention to the plant.

Step 7: Patience and Follow-up

Patience is key in the LST training process, as results may not be immediately apparent, but they become more apparent over time. This step involves keeping a constant check on the plant and observing how it responds as it adapts to the training. Here are some key guidelines for the patience and monitoring step:

• Ongoing Observation : Continue to observe the plant as it grows and develops new shoots. Pay attention to how the trained branches are oriented toward the light and how the buds are distributed.
• Progress Record : Keep track of changes in the plant over time. This may include periodic photographs to document its development. The record will help you evaluate the effectiveness of the training.
• Gradual Adjustments : If necessary, make gradual adjustments to branch orientation. This may involve raising or lowering branches to ensure that all branches have access to light.
• Stress Resistance : Make sure the plant is healthy and not experiencing excessive stress. LST training is called "Low Stress Training" because it should minimize stress to the plant.
• Monitoring Yield : Observe bud production and how it develops on the trained branches. You should see an increase in bud yield and quality as the training takes effect.
• Patience : Remember that LST training is a gradual process and it may take time before results are evident. Patience is key to allowing the plant to adapt to the training and maximize its performance.

The patience and monitoring step in LST training is essential for long-term success. By carefully observing your plant and making adjustments as needed, you can ensure that it is optimized to produce high-quality buds. The reward for your patience will be a bountiful and excellent harvest.

 

Is LST pruning effective in indoor plantations?

LST pruning is highly effective in indoor plantations due to space limitations and the need to maximize the use of available light. In a closed environment, where light only comes from a specific source, LST allows this light to be distributed evenly, promoting balanced and efficient growth. In addition, it helps to optimize space horizontally , allowing each plant to develop multiple productive branches without competing for vertical light.

How to handle damaged branches during training

During the LST process , it may happen that a branch breaks or shows signs of excessive stress. In these cases, it is essential to act quickly. The first thing to do is to use adhesive tape or soft wire to stabilize the branch and allow it to recover. In addition, it is advisable to apply healing products to protect the wound and reduce the risk of infection. With time, and proper care, damaged branches can recover without affecting growth.

 

Safety Precautions for LST (Low Stress Training) Pruning

Performing LST (Low Stress Training) pruning is a safe practice, but it is important to follow some precautions to ensure the safety of both the plant and the grower. Here are some key precautions to keep in mind:

• Handwashing : Before touching the plant, be sure to wash your hands thoroughly. This will help prevent the transfer of dirt, oils, and germs to the plant.
• Sharp Tools : Use sharp, clean pruning tools to avoid damaging the plant. Clean cuts minimize stress on the plant and reduce the risk of infection.
• Disinfecting Tools : Disinfect your tools before and after each use. This prevents the spread of diseases and pathogens from one plant to another.
• Gentle Movements : When bending branches, make sure to do so gently and carefully. Avoid applying excessive pressure that could damage the branches.
• Do Not Force : Do not force branches into a position. They should bend naturally and without excessive effort.
• Stress Management : Monitor the plant to ensure it is not experiencing excessive stress as a result of training. If you notice signs of severe stress, consider relieving tension on the branches.
• Respect the Life Cycle : Perform LST pruning at the appropriate time according to the plant's life cycle. Forcing training at inappropriate stages can damage the plant.
• Continuous Observation : After training, maintain continuous observation of the plant to ensure it is adapting healthily.
• Area Cleanliness : Keep the growing area clean and organized. Avoid obstacles that may damage the plant or interfere with training.
• Eye and Hand Protection : In some cases, it may be advisable to wear protective glasses and gloves when performing LST Pruning, especially if working with large plants and strong branches.

By following these safety precautions, you can perform LST Pruning effectively and protect both the plant's health and your own. Remember that LST Pruning is a low-stress technique that benefits the plant and maximizes bud production, as long as it is performed with proper care and attention.

Post-pruning care using the LST (Low Stress Training) technique

Once you have applied the Low Stress Training (LST) technique to your marijuana plants, it is essential to pay attention to aftercare to ensure that the plant recovers and continues to grow healthily. Here are some guidelines on how to handle the plant after pruning and how to identify a successful pruning:

• Continued Observation : After performing LST, continue to closely observe the plant. This will allow you to detect any signs of stress or problems with bent branches.
• Branch Recovery : Branches that have been bent during LST may take a while to recover and grow back upward. Be patient and allow the plant to gradually adjust to the new growth.
• Regular Maintenance : As the plant grows, you may need to adjust its position again to maintain even light exposure. Continue to gently bend branches as needed.
• Nutrients and Watering : Make sure the plant is receiving the necessary nutrients and proper watering. Bent branches can affect nutrient distribution, so it is important to monitor the plant's needs.
• Stress Monitoring : Watch for any signs of stress on the plant, such as yellow or wilted leaves. If you notice severe stress on any part of the plant, consider relieving the stress on that area.
• Additional Support : Depending on the size of your plants and the LST technique applied, you may need to provide additional supports for bent branches. Make sure they are secure and won't break due to the weight of the buds.
• Selective Pruning : As the plant continues to grow, you can perform selective pruning to remove unnecessary leaves or branches that are not receiving enough light. This will help improve air circulation and bud production.
• Pest and Disease Control : Maintain constant pest and disease controlon cannabis , as bent branches can be more vulnerable to these problems due to their greater density.
• Light Metering : Use a light meter to ensure that the folded areas receive the proper amount of illumination. Adjust the height of the lights if necessary.
• Maintenance Pruning : Continue with regular maintenance pruning to maintain the shape and health of the plant as it grows.

A successful LST should result in a plant with a broader structure and even light exposure. Buds should grow more efficiently and abundantly. By following these post-pruning care guidelines and paying attention to your plant's needs, you can enjoy a more productive and high-quality harvest.

Tips to Avoid Common Mistakes After Performing LST (Low Stress Training)

After applying the Low Stress Training (LST) technique to your marijuana plants, it is important to avoid common mistakes that can compromise the health and performance of the plant. Here are some tips to avoid these mistakes:

• Do Not Overstretch Branches : Avoid applying too much pressure when bending branches during LST. Branches should be bent smoothly and gradually to avoid damage.
• Don't Neglect Monitoring : After performing LST, it's crucial to continue monitoring and adjusting branches as needed. Don't assume that a single LST session is enough; it's an ongoing process.
• Don't Forget Nutrition : Bent branches can affect nutrient distribution in the plant. Be sure to adjust your feeding practices to meet the plant's needs.
• Don't Ignore Stress : If you notice signs of stress on your plant, such as yellow or wilted leaves, take steps to relieve tension in those areas. This may include adjusting bent branches.
• No Stray Branches : Make sure all branches have access to adequate light and space. Bent branches should not be trapped or blocked by other parts of the plant.
• Don't Neglect Hygiene : Maintain a clean environment around your plants to prevent pests and diseases. LST can create denser areas on the plant, increasing the need for hygiene.
• Don't Be Impatient : LST is a technique that requires time and patience. Don't expect immediate results, and allow the plant to gradually adapt to the changes.
• Don't Over-Bend : Avoid bending branches too far or at extreme angles. This can damage the structural integrity of the plant.
• Don't Ignore Support : If you use supports to hold bent branches in place, make sure they are secure and won't fall over due to the weight of the buds.
• Don’t Stop Monitoring : Constant observation is key to LST success. Continue to assess plant growth and make adjustments as needed.

By following these tips and paying constant attention to your plants after applying LST, you will be able to maximize the benefits of this technique and enjoy a bountiful, high-quality harvest. Patience and careful attention are key to success when growing marijuana with LST.

 

Comparison of LST Technique with Other Pruning Techniques

Below is a comparison of the Low Stress Training (LST) technique with other popular pruning techniques.

Comparison of LST with Super Cropping

• Both techniques seek to improve the exposure of the branches to light.
• Both LST and Super Cropping allow you to control the height of the plant.
• Both techniques can reduce competition between branches and improve the distribution of energy and nutrients.
• Super Cropping involves bending and pinching branches more intensively, often causing minor tissue damage, while LST focuses on gently bending branches without damaging them.
• In LST, branches are not cut or removed, while in Super Cropping, part of a branch may sometimes be removed.
• Super Cropping is primarily used to strengthen branches and allow better light exposure, while LST focuses on height control and light distribution.

LST vs Lollipopping

• Both techniques seek to improve the exposure of the branches to light.
• Both LST and Lollipopping can help control plant height.
• Both techniques can reduce competition between branches.
• Lollipopping involves the removal of lower branches and leaves, while LST does not require the removal of any part of the plant.
• Lollipopping focuses on thinning the lower part of the plant to concentrate energy on the upper branches, while LST is used to bend branches down to improve light exposure.
• LST can be done earlier in the plant life cycle, while Lollipopping is usually done at later stages.

Comparison of LST with Apical Pruning

• Both techniques seek to improve the exposure of the upper branches to light.
• Both LST and Topping can control plant height and redirect growth toward the main branches.
• Topping involves removing the top part of the plant (the apex) to encourage the growth of lateral branches, while LST does not involve removing any part of the plant.
• LST focuses on gently bending branches downward to improve light exposure, while Topping changes the growth pattern by removing the main tip.
• LST is less invasive and can be performed at earlier stages of plant growth, while Topping is generally performed at later stages.

Comparison of LST with Schwazzing Pruning

• Both techniques seek to improve the exposure of branches to light at specific stages of the plant's life cycle.
• Both LST and Schwazzing can help control plant height and improve light distribution.
• Schwazzing involves removing most of the leaves at specific stages and then stretching the branches outward, while LST focuses on gently bending the branches downward without removing leaves.
• LST is a gentler and less invasive technique compared to Schwazzing, which can be more intensive in terms of leaf removal.
• Schwazzing is performed at specific stages and requires an intensive approach, while LST can be applied at various stages of the plant life cycle.

Situations where LST is more advisable

• Indoor Growing : LST is especially useful in indoor growing, where you are looking to maximize vertical and horizontal space, and an even distribution of artificial light is needed.
• Height Control : When you need to precisely control plant height without compromising bud production, LST is an excellent choice.
• Early training : LST can be applied early in the plant life cycle and can be a continuous training technique throughout growth.
• Plants with long branches : For plants that develop long branches that could shade other parts of the plant, LST can help redirect growth and improve sun exposure.

The end result: healthier plants and more abundant harvests.

Applying the LST technique correctly allows for obtaining stronger, more balanced plants with a structure that maximizes bud production. At the end of the process, growers obtain more abundant and high-quality harvests , with dense buds rich in trichomes, which increase both the potency and the flavor of marijuana. This technique becomes an invaluable tool for those looking to optimize the performance of their crop without resorting to aggressive methods.

At Grow Industry , we have all the tools you need to successfully carry out the LST technique. From precision scissors to training tapes and wires, our catalogue offers high-quality solutions for your crops. Take advantage of this technique and take your harvests to a new level with reliable products!